DIFFERENT TEACHING METHODS

    Nowadays there are a lot of ways to teach to our students, but these ones are consider like the learning cornerstone which are Direct Instruction, Inquiry based- learning and Cooperative learning.

But, before explaining them, is necessary to define method.So, as Miguel Ángel Delgado (1991) said, “Methods are the ways to reach the learning in our student, that is, to reach targets”

As a result, we can distinguish between two pespectives totally different: 

• Teacher-centrered approach, which contains Direct Instruction

• Student-centered approach which is composed by Inquiry-based learning and Cooperative learning.

Teacher-centered approach

Direct instruction

 

This term refers to the traditional teaching strategy that is based on explicit teaching through lectures and teacher-led demonstrations. In that, teachers and professors are the sole supplier of knowledge and information. Direct instruction is effective in teaching basic and fundamental skills across all content areas.

As a result, the roles for a teacher in this method are:

• Teacher as a Formal authority: They are in position of power and authority. Classroom and management styles are traditional and focus on rules and expectations.

• Teachers as a Expert: Experts teachers are in possession of all knowledge and expertise within the classroom. In contrast, students are just receptors of knowledge and information.

• Teachers as a Personal Model: They lead by example, demonstrating to students how to access and comprehend information. In this teaching model, student learn throught observing and copying the teacher's process.

Student-centered approach

 Inquiry-based learning

Is a teaching method that focuses on student investigation and hands-on learning. In this method, the teacher’s primary role is that of a facilitator, providing guidance and support for students through the learning process. In that, students play an active and participatory role in their own learning process.

Cooperative learning

Cooperative Learning refers to a method of teaching and classroom management that emphasizes group work and a strong sense of community. This model fosters students’ academic and social growth and includes teaching techniques such as "Think-Pair-Share” and reciprocal teaching. This method focuses on the belief that students learn best when working with and learning from their peers.

The roles from both methods are:

• Teacher as a Facilitator: Student learning loosely guided by the teacher, and is focused on fostering independence, hands-on learning and exploration.

• Teacher as Delegator: Teachers act as a “resource” to students, answering questions and reviewing their progress as needed. Teachers play a pasive role in student's learning; students are active and engaged participants in their learning. The main goal of a Delegator is to foster a sesnse of autonomy in the learning process.